Geographically, Dominica is distinctive in many ways. The country has one of the most rugged landscapes in the Caribbean, covered by a largely untapped, multi-layered rainforest. It is also among the earth's most rain-soaked country, and the water runoff forms cascading rivers and natural pools. The island is home to many rare species of wild animals and is considered by many as a beautiful, unspoiled tropical preserve. According to a popular West Indian belief, Dominica is the only New World territory that Columbus would still recognize.
Dominica is the largest and northernmost of the Windward Islands. The island faces the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean Sea to the west.
Oblong-shaped and slightly smaller than New York City, Dominica is 750 square kilometers in area, 47 kilometers long and 29 kilometers in width. Roseau, the capital and largest port, is favorably located on the sheltered, southwestern coast.
Population
The population of Dominica is approximately 72,000 people. Descendants of African slaves comprised the overwhelming majority of the population. Aside from the Caribs, an estimated 3% of the population, there were no other significant ethnic clusters. The ethnic, racial and cultural composition of society in the year 1980 reflected Carib, French, British and African influences.
Political Structure
Dominica is a republic with a non-executive presidency and has been a parliamentary democracy since November 1978. It has a House of Assembly with 30 members, 21 directly elected and 9 senators appointed by the President, 5 on the advice of the Prime Minister, 4 on the advice of the leader of the opposition. Elections are held at least every five years, with universal adult suffrage. The president nominated by the prime minister and opposition leader and elected by the House of Assembly for two periods of five years. He or she appoints the prime minister, who advises the president in appointing other Ministers. The President may dismiss the Prime Minister in case of a non-confidence vote in the House of Assembly. Individual rights are guaranteed under the Constitution.
Economy
Dominica's economy is vulnerable with less than 25% of the land under cultivation. Its geographical location is subject to tropical storms and hurricanes, which have caused severe damage to crops, which constitute the country's economic base. The country is also vulnerable in its dependence on banana exports to the EU.
Since the 1980s, successive governments have therefore introduced measures to diversify the economy, promote a shift from traditional crops (sugar, coffee and cocoa) to new crops (such as citrus fruits, melons, pineapple and mango) and the development of export-oriented small industries (especially clothing and electronics assembly) to take advantage of these preferences, as the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), which provides access to the U.S. Market. They have also encouraged development of tourism and especially eco-tourism.
The government also encouraged the development of an offshore financial services sector, including corporate and bank registration and Internet gambling.
Main imports are food and consumer goods, fuel, transportation, machinery and chemicals. Main trade partners for exports are Japan, Britain, Jamaica and the U.S., and for imports, Japan, USA, China and Trinidad & Tobago.
Language
The official and spoken language is English.
Currency
Eastern Caribbean dollar.
Exchange Control
No Foreign Exchange Controls and the U.S. Dollar circulates freely throughout the economy
Type of Law
Dominica's legal system is based on English Common Law, with local modifications.
Principal Corporate Legislation
International Business Companies Act 1996.
Companies Act 1994.
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